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Законодательство Публикации Пенсионные модели О проекте Статистика
Законодательство Публикации Пенсионные модели О проекте Статистика

1. Введение

2. Основы пенсионного законодательства Республики Молдова
2.1. Общие принципы
2.2. Страховые взносы и налогооблагаемая база
2.3. Виды пенсий и условия их назначения
2.3.1. Пенсии по возрасту
2.3.2. Пенсии по инвалидности
2.3.3. Пенсии по случаю потери кормильца
2.3.4. Пенсии некоторым категориям граждан
2.3.5. Социальные пенсии/пособия
2.3.6. Пенсии, выплачиваемые за счет государственного бюджета
2.4. Минимальная пенсия и гарантированный минимум
2.5. Индексация пенсий

3. Современная демографическая ситуация
3.1. Общая динамика численности населения
3.2. Рождаемость
3.3. Смертность и продолжительность жизни
3.4. Естественное движение населения и миграция
3.5. Базовый демографический прогноз

4. Демографические тенденции в экономической активности населения
4.1. Демографические факторы изменения численности населения в возрасте экономической активности
4.2. Структура и динамика экономической активности населения
4.3. Сценарии прогноза экономической активности населения

5. Общие вопросы занятости

6. Плательщики пенсионных взносов
6.1. Структура и численность плательщиков пенсионных взносов
6.2. Сценарии прогноза плательщиков пенсионных взносов

7. Получатели пенсионных взносов
7.1. Структура получателей пенсий
7.2. Пенсионеры по возрасту
7.3. Пенсионеры по инвалидности
7.4. Пенсионеры по случаю потери кормильца
7.5. Пенсионеры, получатели социальных пенсий/пособий
7.6. Прогноз численности пенсионеров

8. Современная макроэкономическая ситуация
8.1. Исторический опыт
8.2. Базовый макроэкономический прогноз

9. Программный комплекс
9.1. Назначение и структура программ
9.2. Блок формирования сценариев расчета
9.3. Демографический блок
9.4. Макроэкономический блок
9.5. Блок Доходов (Расчет взносов)
9.6. Блок Расходов
9.7. Результаты и Отчеты

10. Апробация модели
10.1. Сценарии моделирования
10.2. Результаты моделирования
10.3. Расчеты на пенсионном калькулятор




Пенсионная система Республики Молдова: модель и сценарии развития

7.5. Recipients of Social Pensions/Benefits

Social pensions and benefits are assigned to invalids, aged persons, and disabled persons ineligible for pensions within the social insurance scheme. Social pension/benefit recipients are subdivided into the following categories:

  1. disabled children under 16 years of age;
  2. invalids since childhood (above 16 years old);
  3. invalids (except invalids since childhood);
  4. survivors;
  5. mothers having a large number of children and holding the title of Mother-Heroine;
  6. aged persons.

Since 1999 two different types of payments, viz. social pensions and social benefits, have been concurrently made to two equal categories of recipients in Moldova. Now social pensions are paid only to persons whom they were assigned prior to that time, while new claimants are awarded with social benefits. For this reason in order to forecast the number of social pensioners the both categories have been combined into the only one named ‘recipients of social pensions/benefits’.

Distribution of social pension/benefit recipients by category for 2003 is given in Table 7.10.

Table 7.10: Numbers of social pension/benefit recipients, by category


Recipients of social pensions/benefits

Numbers

pers.

%

Disabled children under 16 years of age

13,006

30.62

Invalids since childhood (above 16 years old)

21,080

49.62

Invalids (except invalids since childhood)

1,949

4.59

Survivors

2,186

5.15

Aged persons

4,260

10.03

Total

42,481

100.00

In 2003 recipients of social pensions/benefits constituted a little more than one percent of the Moldova’s total population, and 6.8 % of the total number of pensioners. Numbers of men and women among social pensioners were almost equal, but social female pensioners made up 5.6 % of all female pensioners, this share was smaller than in the men’s case with the relevant figure of 8.6 %.

Analysing the profile of social pension/benefit recipients one could first of all mark our two groups, viz. disabled children under 16 years of age who make up 30.62 % of the social pensioners’ total number, and invalids since childhood (above 16 years old) with the share of 49.62 %. They are succeeded by aged persons, i.e. persons who did not earn the entitlement to a pension within the social insurance scheme; they made up 10.03 % of the total. Then survivors follow with the share of 5.15 % and invalids (except invalids since childhood) with 4.59 %.

Figure 7.4 displays age and sex structure of the social pension/benefit recipients. This structure is given as percentage of various social pensioners groups in total population numbers of corresponding age and sex groups.

Fig. 7.4: Social pensioners: а) men; b) women

One could easily see in the diagrams that the share of social pensioners is especially large in younger and elder retirement age groups. In younger age groups they are represented by disabled children under 16 years of age. They are growing in numbers as going from a younger to an older age group and become most numerous at around the age of 16, both among men and women. It is necessary to note that numbers of men and women among social pensioners are almost equal in this period.

As it is provided for by law, in the following period the majority of disabled children move into the category of invalids since childhood. Those capable to work are gradually earning the length of service required to be granted invalidity pensions on general terms which are greater in size. As a result, numbers of social pension/benefit recipients are gradually declining during the working age period and at the pre-retirement age constitute less than 1 % of this age total population.

Share of social pensioners again becomes large in elder retirement age groups. It may be explained by the fact that in this period social pension/benefits are paid to men and women who had failed to earn entitlements to old-age pensions within the social insurance scheme. Women are four times more numerous than men among persons receiving social pensions/benefits. In this period the women’s share in the total population of corresponding age and sex groups is almost as high as 8 %, while in the men’s case the share is just slightly more than one percent. Larger numbers of women receiving social pensions/benefits for the reason of old-age may be most probably explained by their higher involvement with house-keeping and therefore greater obstacles in gaining the length of service required for receiving old-age pensions within the framework of state social insurance.


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